Grower Today

Category: Soils & Plant Nutrients

  • How Big Should Tomato Seedlings Be Before Transplanting?

    How Big Should Tomato Seedlings Be Before Transplanting?

    Tomatoes are one of the most popular plants to grow among gardeners of all experience levels. However, you may wonder, how big should tomato seedlings be before transplanting? It is important to know this in order to help your tomato plants thrive.

    Under the right conditions, tomato plants will thrive and grow an abundance of fruit. Transplanting them at the right time is key to allowing them to successfully grow. If you do it too early, you risk your plant failing to grow properly.

    What Is Transplanting?

    In gardening, transplanting is the technique used for moving a plant from one location to another. The plant will be fully germinated or mature during the process of moving. The process can be done when moving a plant from a pot to a garden or moving it from one location in the garden to another.

    There are several reasons why a person may transplant a plant. When buying a plant from a garden store, it is common to move the plant from the pot it came into a larger pot or a garden. People may also transplant a plant if the surrounding plants are diseased or have pests in order to protect it.

    In addition, transplanting can help extend the growing season. Different plant species will react differently to transplanting, so it is important to do it with care and proper research.

    What Is Transplanting

    When To Transplant Tomato Seedlings

    When tomato seedlings are three to four inches tall and have their second set of leaves, they are ready to transplant. Anytime before this and they will likely be too fragile and not yet ready.

    In addition, you will want to make sure the nighttime temperatures are at least 50 degrees Fahrenheit. If it is much lower than that, it will be too cold for your tomato seedlings.

    Some gardeners will also choose to a second transplant of their tomato plants. This second transplant should be done when the tomatoes are six to ten inches tall. By doing a second transplant, you can help ensure your plant will have a good root system.

    How To Transplant Tomato Plants

    When transplanting tomato seedlings that are three to four inches tall to a new container, choose one that is deep. This will help the roots develop and create a strong plant. When planting, use the same soil you did when germinating them.

    Before transplanting, water the seedlings as moist soil will cling to the roots and help the plant from drying out. Then, carefully lever the seedlings out of the soil and try to lift the plants by their leaves rather than the stem.

    Once safely removed from their original pot, place them in the new, larger pot three inches apart from each other. Set the soil firmly around the plant, going all the way up to the first set of leaves if possible.

    Lightly water the soil and keep your seedlings out of bright sunlight for a day or two. Use liquid fertilizer once a week as they grow.

    They will generally need at least two weeks in their containers before you transfer them to your garden. Always plant tomato seedlings with care and never grab them by the stem.

    Second Transplant

    If you want to transplant your seedlings for a second time before planting them in the garden, wait until they are at least six to 10 inches tall. This will help ensure they have a healthy root system.

    You can transfer them individually to half-gallon milk jugs or four- to six-inch-diameter pots. Transplant them just as you did the first time.

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    Transplanting To The Garden

    When transplanting your tomatoes to your garden, dig a hole in your garden bed that is a few inches deeper than the current depth of the pot the seedlings are in. Dig the holes at least a few inches apart to give them plenty of room to grow.

    Carefully remove your plants from their container and transfer them to the garden bed. Cover the plant up with dirt, right till the first set of leaves if they are seedlings. Water your tomatoes right after moving them.

    Ideal Growing Conditions

    Tomatoes do best in well-drained soil in a location that receives full sun for the majority of daylight. They should receive at least six to eight hours of full sun a day in order for them to produce an abundance of fruit.

    They do best in climates with temperatures between 65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit during the day. In addition, they should also receive one inch of water a week to allow them to grow healthy and strong.

    They do best in soil that is slightly acidic, between 6.2 to 6.8. Since they strive for warmth, they are generally planted in late spring to early summer. They will also benefit from compost and fertilizer.

    Ideal Growing Conditions

    Tomatoes are generally harvested mid to late summer. Once you pick them, store them indoors which allows them to ripen more. They do best in cool temperatures, however, you don’t need to store them in the fridge.

    FAQs

    When should I transplant tomato seedlings?

    Transplanting tomatoes is not something you should rush into. It is a delicate operation and one which requires experience to pull off successfully. The best time to plant tomatoes is when the soil has warmed up and the nights have become longer. Tomato seedlings should be planted into a potting mix or into the ground as soon as they sprout.

    How do you transplant tomato seedlings?

    You can transplant tomatoes either as a single plant or as a cluster of several plants. When you are transplanting your tomatoes, make sure they are well-established before you do so. Tomatoes grown from seed will take approximately three months to get into full production. It’s best to wait until after the first frost before you transplant. Transplanting tomatoes is a great way to extend their growing season.
    The following are guidelines for when you should transplant your tomatoes: In spring: Start transplants outside in containers at least 2 weeks before last frost. Do not transplant when soil is frozen. In summer: If you are planting in the ground, wait until temperatures are consistently above 50°F. In fall: If you have had a long dry spell, it’s a good idea to transplant tomato seedlings into the ground now rather than waiting for next spring. You can also plant your tomatoes in containers and bring them inside when the weather starts getting cooler. Make sure you get them in before the first frost.
    Transplanting your tomatoes is a relatively simple process. Here’s how to do it: Remove the seedling from its container and gently loosen the roots. Take care not to damage the root system. Place the seedling in a hole that is about twice as wide as the seedling. The bottom of the hole should be slightly below the level of the surrounding soil. Add soil until it is just above the top of the seedling’s stem. This will help the plant establish quickly.

    How do I start a new tomato plant?

    Tomatoes are easy to start from seed. You can either buy ready-made seeds or sow your own. For those who want to sow their own, it is best to buy a packet of tomato seeds which have been pre-germinated. These seeds will already be planted in a tray. You then take the tray and place it into a warm environment for about two weeks until the seeds start to germinate. After this period, you can plant them into a pot or directly into the ground.

    How big should seedlings be before transplanting?

    You should go with 4 inch-tall.
    Plant the seedlings in fertile soil. Fertile soil is rich in nutrients, so it’s best for young plants. You can improve the soil by adding some fertilizer, compost, peat moss or other organic material. The soil should be moist but not wet. Water your seedlings regularly.

    The best time to plant is when the soil is warm, dry and well-drained. Seedlings should be started in flats, pots or cell packs (a small flat container with individual cells that can be used for a single plant) and placed into larger containers as they grow. It’s important to avoid transplant shock by gradually exposing young plants to the outside world. You don’t have to expose them to full sunlight.

    Knowing How Big Should Tomato Seedlings Be Before Transplanting

    Transplanting tomato seedlings is an important process in their development. It helps with the growth of the stems to promote a strong, healthy plant.

    When transplanting your tomato seedlings, wait until they are at least three to four inches tall and have their second set of leaves. In addition, you can also transport them again when they are six to ten inches tall to help further develop their roots.

    Transplanting should always be done with care and you should never hold them by the stems. Instead, it is better to grab them by the leaves. Then, when planting them as seedlings, you can cover them with soil all the way up to the first set of leaves to help them grow.

    Do you have any questions on how big should tomato seedlings be before transplanting? If so, please ask any questions regarding transplanting your tomato seedlings and growing tomato plants in the comment section below.

  • Is Adding Lime To Soil For Tomatoes A Good Idea?

    Is Adding Lime To Soil For Tomatoes A Good Idea?

    Are you wondering whether adding lime to soil for tomatoes is a good idea, or you could be messing up your soil by doing so?

    Lime is good for tomato plants, especially if your soil lacks calcium or is too acidic with a low pH. Lime can also help reduce nutrient deficiencies and improve water penetration in the soil.

    However, too much lime raises the pH too much and can block a tomato plant’s uptake of magnesium. Do not add lime without first taking your soil for a test to determine the nutrient content.

    The amount of lime you need depends on your soil‘s nutrient content as well as the pH level. This article will talk about the benefits of lime for tomato plants along with its questions.

    Do Tomatoes Like Lime?

    Tomatoes are often grown in lime-rich soil to prevent the disease blossom end rot. Lime for garden soil is also sometimes used as a fertilizer for tomatoes, though it’s not considered an essential element.

    Lime for garden soil is typically applied as lime slurry or lime water. Lime slurry or lime water can also be sprayed on the leaves of tomato plants to combat aphids, whiteflies, and leafminers. Mix a teaspoonful of lime with a gallon of water until it dissolves. Fill a spray bottle with lime water and apply it thoroughly, including the undersides of leaves.

    Lime for garden soil is also sometimes combined with neem oil or insecticidal soap to treat aphids and other pests on tomato plants.

    Do Tomatoes Like Lime

    Is Lime Suitable For Tomato Plants?

    Lime, generally known as garden or agricultural lime, is suitable for tomato plants when moderated. In some cases adding lime to soil helps solve soil problems.  For example, if your soil is too acidic, adding lime will raise the pH level.

    When lime or calcium carbonate is applied correctly according to the instructions on the package it works properly. The lime you use will vary depending on the current soil pH and the desired PH value.

    No matter what supplement you decide to use in your garden, always do a soil test first. This will give you a clear content for the soil pH and nutrient levels helping you determine what is lacking in your soil.

    A soil test provides information to help you make the right choices when amending your soil with nutrients. If you forgo a soil test,t you might solve a problem that you don’t even have.

    Benefits Of Adding Lime To The Soil For  Tomatoes

    Lime has many benefits for tomato plants when applied correctly; for example, it helps.

    Provides Calcium

    Lime in the garden adds calcium to your soil. Calcium is the most needed nutrient for plant growth especially tomatoes. Lack of calcium in tomatoes and peppers causes them to suffer from a condition known as blossom-end rot. Another cause of blossom end rot is uneven watering which occurs when dry soil does not get enough water.

    Adding lime to your soil improves its water penetration, which solves the problem of dry soil. Lime also activates magnesium which is another essential nutrient for plant growth. Magnesium is the nutrient that provides the chlorophyll molecule. Chlorophyll is what makes plants green and it is an important part of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process where plants turn sunlight water and carbon dioxide into energy and oxygen.

    You can add calcium to your soil without raising the pH by using gypsum calcium sulfate. This, too, adds calcium and sulphur to your soil while keeping the pH stable.

    Raise The Soil pH

    When you add lime to soil it raises the PH value which helps counter the effects of nitrogen in the soil. Too much nitrogen in the soil makes it more acidic over time.

    The proper soil pH is essential as it helps tomatoes absorb enough nutrients for proper growth. Tomatoes thrive in a soil pH between 6.0 and 6.5.  When the pH level drops below 6.0, magnesium and phosphorus become less available to plants.

    Even if you have plenty of nutrients in the soil they will not be available for plants if your soil is too acidic. This is because the plant does not absorb the nutrients through its roots.

    So before you add any extra nutrients to your soil, check the soil pH first and adjust it accordingly. Adding lime keeps the soil pH within the range of 6.0 to 6.5 and prevents nutrient deficiencies in your plants. This could solve all the soil problems you have.

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    Improve Soil Permeability

    Lime improves your soil permeability. This means instead of water staying on top of the soil it will work its way down deeper after irrigation or rainfall. The water is, therefore, less likely to evaporate back into the air.

    When water permeates the soil well, the tomato plant is able to send its roots deeper to get this water. A deeper, more robust root system is a sign of a healthier plant. A healthy plant can resist diseases and fight pests in the garden, eventually leading to a more bountiful harvest at the end of the season.

    Is It Possible To Add Too Much Lime To The Soil For Tomatoes?

    It is true lime has many benefits to your soil; however, it is possible to put too much lime on your garden soil. This is likely to happen if you don’t follow instructions on the package or fail to carry out a soil test before adding.

    When that’s done, you could end up with soil that has too much pH, too high for growing tomatoes or other plants.

    When you notice you have added too much lime into your soil, you can try to reverse the effect by adding elemental sulfur.  It lowers the PH value of the soil. However, it is best to avoid this problem in the first place by using the right amount of line based on

    • Soil consistency
    • Current soil pH value
    • Desired soil pH value
    How Long Does Garden Lime Take To Work

    How Long Does Garden Lime Take To Work?

    The amount of time it takes for lime to work in your soil depends on the type of lime used, the size of lime particles, the soil consistency, and the current soil pH.

    Lime will continue to react in your soil 2 to 3 years after application. The benefits of lime will occur within the first few months after application.

    Conclusion

    Garden lime is good for the soil. However, it is dangerous if humans or pets consume it. It can also harm your tomato plants if you apply too much at once. Remember, lime is caustic and can burn your hands if you expose your bare skin. If you use too much, it will quickly burn your plants.

    You can either use pelletized lime or garden lime.  Pelletized is more expensive than garden lime, however, it does not work faster than garden lime.

  • Does Adding Sand To Clay Soil Work?

    Does Adding Sand To Clay Soil Work?

    Is it true that adding sand to clay soil makes it better, or is this just a traditional myth passed on from one generation to another?

    There’s no doubt working with heavy soil is a pain. Wrestling with this heavily compacted soil in your garden strains both your body and the plants.

    This soil sticks to your shoes and your working tools and seems to be more challenging to garden with it than any other type of soil. But even with all its disadvantages, clay soil has its benefits.

    If your garden is made up of clay soil, don’t despair; clay has many benefits that it offers. Let’s look at how you can fix your clay soil to make it easier to work with and allow you to reap a good harvest.

    Identifying Clay Soil

    How can you tell that your garden has clay soil? Clay  soil can be easily identified by:

      • It feels rather sticky and dense to the touch

      • Clay is smooth to touch especially when rubbed between the finger and the thumb.

      • It has high moisture and can be rolled into a ball or other shapes without cracking.

      • Heavy clay is shiny when rolled into any shape and then rubbed softly with your hands.

    Identifying Clay Soil

    Adding Sand To Clay Soil

    A notion has been in circulation for many years that says that adding sand to clay soil helps lighten it up. This is an old traditional myth that has no scientific evidence of its efficiency.

    If you add sand to clay soil, it turns your soil into something as hard as wet cement. Any clay soil treated this way becomes tough and eliminates every possibility of both good and harmful living organisms in it.

    What To Do If You Have Clay Soil

    So instead of using sand for clay soil, it is best to reach for an organic matter like leaf mold compost manure or well-aged manure and add it to your clay soil.

    The organic matter never goes wrong in any of the soil types it’s added to.  When added to clay soil:

      • It lightens the soil texture

      • Adds nutrients

      • Discourages compaction

      • Improves drainage and aeration

      • Provides more space

      • Moderates the soil temperature

    All these features are essential for plant growth.

    So to amend your clay soil add as much organic matter as you can; mixing it into your existing clay soil is the aim.  And if you have sand-clay soil because you have started adding some, use the organic matter.   However, before improving the clay, carry out a soil test to incorporate phosphorus, lime, and whatever other nutrients your soil requires.

    Steps To Amend Your Clay Soil

      • Use a spade to loosen the existing soil if it is it’s a small part, or use a tiller to loosen the existing soil over a large area

      • Spread about 2 inches of compost on top of the things soil and mix it with the clay soil

      • Repeat the process two or three times, working in your clay soil until you’re satisfied that it is thoroughly mixed up. Ensure that your clay soil is relatively dry; walking on wet clay soil will damage the structure you’re trying to improve.

      • Spread a few inches of compost over the ground between the plants and the soil and use a narrow spade to turn the compost into the soil

      • Repeat this method at least once, and your soil is ready for planting. Ensure that you work in small patches until your entire garden has freshly turned soil

    When To Do It

    The fall season is a great time to mix your clay with compost because the weather is drier than in the spring. Another reason why it is good to do this in autumn is because of the cooler temperatures that are more pleasant to work under. It becomes an annual part of your soil maintenance to add compost to your clay just before winter.

    In the long run, regular applications of compost manure and other organic matter will continually improve your cell structure and overall health. Therefore, it will become much easier for you to walk in this kind of soil and for your plants to grow in.

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    Clay Soil It’s Still A Suitable Type Of Soil

    It is one of the few soils that provides an excellent foundation for healthy plant growth. Its potential lies in its unique properties, making it one of the best soil types for plant growth. The individual particles that make up the clay soil are small compared to other soil types such as sandy loam or silt.

    Clay soil has a more significant water holding capacity due to these tiny particles. They can hold in water and nutrients for your garden and lawn needs very well. If you manage clay soil well it requires less irrigation, less fertilizer yet produces some of the healthiest plants around the world.

    Even if you may feel like you want to differ with the statements above, maybe because you have heavy clay that clods on your boots and tools when working, it is best to test your soil before you make any changes. A soil test takes the guesswork away and provides clear statistics of the composition of your soil. The extension agent can advise what type of crops to grow in the particular soil.

    Your test results could also include ways to improve your clay soil, along with helpful information about its organic matter nutrients and pH. It is advisable to carry out this soil test every 3 to 4 years.

    Ways On How You Can Improve Your Clay Soil

      • To help your soil drain better and reduce trampling’s make raised beds before planting.

      • Consider adopting a new gardening hack of not digging, especially in your raised beds, so that you don’t mix the soil afresh; instead, you use the already well-drained topsoil.

      • Add some extra calcium to your clay soil to help the soil particles separate inside of the clump together.

    Ways On How You Can Improve Your Clay Soil

      • Add lime and gypsum to your clay soil to active ingredients of commercial clay improvers; however, before you add the rest of your garden, test on a small area first to see the changes.

      • Add plenty of bulk organic matter like composted bark old manure to improve the soil and the plant’s nutrients.

      • To reduce summer cracking when the sun is too hot, apply organic mulches around trees and plants to help conserve moisture.

     

    FAQs

    What is the difference between sandy and clay soil?

    Many soils are a mixture of sand, silt and clay. Sandy soil is a mixture of sand and clay. However, clay soil contains more sand than the other two soils. The most important factor in determining what type of soil you have is to determine if it is an acid or alkaline soil.

    Soil acidity is determined by the amount of lime (calcium) present in the soil. Soils with high amounts of lime are called alkaline. Alkaline soil is good for growing a variety of crops because they like to grow in an alkaline environment. On the other hand, soil that has too much lime is acidic. Acidic soils have low pH levels. Low pH levels make plants grow poorly, and also can cause problems for humans who are sensitive to acidity. Soil pH levels range from 0 to 14. The lower the number, the more acidic the soil is. For example, soil with a pH level of 7 would be considered neutral. A pH level between 5 and 6 would be considered slightly acidic.

    Most soils are classified as acid or alkaline. Clay soils are classified as acid or alkaline, but they are usually classified as alkaline. Clay soil tends to be more alkaline than other soils, because the clay particles are larger and hold onto more alkaline substances. The clay particles also tend to absorb the water in the soil, and prevent the water from reaching the root zone. Therefore, clay soil needs more water than other soils.

    How can I make my clay soil more Sandy?

    Soil compaction is what makes clay soil sandy. If you want to make your soil more sandy, then you need to compact it less. The best way to do this is to use a tiller.

    What are the best soil amendments for clay soil?

    Clay soils are usually high in organic matter and low in nutrients. Clay soils require compost or other organic matter. They should be worked in a way that allows the nutrients to leach into the soil. This can be done by tilling, sub-soiling, or using a rototiller.

    Does lime break up clay soil?

    It depends on how you want to use it. If you are going to add it to your lawn, you can mix it with your soil, but if you are adding it to the soil underneath your lawn, you will want to mix it with your topsoil. It will break up the clay, which is what you need. You will want to let it dry, then mix it into your topsoil.

    Conclusion

    One last word on gardening on your clay soil go for plants that naturally adapt well in clay soil. It is best to work with plants that do well in clay soil than try to force other plants to grow in it. An extension officer should advise you on plants that would do well in your kind of soil especially after soil test results.

    That said, remember adding sand to clay soil is ultimately killing your clay soil and not adding any value to the sandy soil.

  •  A Look At How To Add Potassium To Lawn

     A Look At How To Add Potassium To Lawn

    Let’s learn how to add potassium to the lawn as it’s an essential micronutrient that prevents diseases and promotes healthy growth.

    Your lawn requires a good amount of potassium, depending on the naturally present amount in the soil.  If your soil is naturally low in potassium, you will need to supplement it with are potassium-rich fertilizer.  To determine how much potassium is in your soil, you will need to conduct a soil test.  A soil test showcases what is available, and the nutrient is missing from the soil for more accessible nourishment of your soil.

    What Is Potassium?

    Potassium, sometimes referred to as potash, is an essential nutrient that your soil requires. It helps your grass take other nutrients and use them.  It also helps in building strong cell walls within the grass or plants.

    These cell walls are what keep your plants healthy and resilient in times of stress like disease, drought, or severe temperatures.

    What Is Potassium

    As your grass grows, potassium lawn fertilizer is needed for that growth.  It helps the grass get strong deep roots and causes it to grow faster. A lawn that lacks enough potassium may grow slowly and have shallow roots.  This means the grass won’t be able to withstand environmental stress as best as it should.

    How To Carry Out A Soil Test

    You can carry out the soil test on your own by buying a soil test kit from your gardener’s shop. You can also ask your local extension officer to provide soil containers and information on performing a soil test full stop use a hand trowel to collect soil samples from around your lawn.

    Scoop about 10 to 15 samples from your yard at a depth of 3 inches and combine them. Leave the soil samples to dry and package them in containers you are provided with by the extension officer. After that, male the soil samples to the extension officer for testing and wait for results.  Results take about 3- 5 days.

    How To Tell If Your Lawn Has Enough Potassium

    There are a few signs to look out for when you’re trying to decide if your soil has enough potassium.  Your grass will show signs of stress that include slow growth, yellowing or being highly susceptible to changes in temperature.

    Sometimes just looking at your grass with your physical eyes might not give you the results that you want. So it is advisable to test your soil for potassium deficit before drawing conclusions.

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    Choosing A Lawn Potassium Fertilizer

    Lawn fertilizer has a high ratio of potassium. This fertilizer is rated using three numbers representing the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium they contain. The third number in the sequence presents the concentration of potassium in the fertilizer. In most cases, you can use a fertilizer that has all of the three macronutrients. If your lawn has less than 25 parts per million of potassium, use a fertilizer with a high potassium concentration for yards.

    Adding Potassium To Your Lawn

    Once you learn your lawn is lacking enough potassium, it’s time to add some.

    Apply potassium fertilizer biannually each spring and fall. You will have to add this fertilizer based on the results of the soil test. Your extension officer should advise you what type of potassium fertilizer you should purchase and how much you should apply.

    For example, 6 pounds of potassium can go 1,000 sq ft of lawn; this applies to lawns that are between 0 to 25 PPM. Yards that are between 25 to 50 PPM require 4 pounds of fertilizer.  Those with 50 to 75 PPM need to pounds of fertilizer, while those that are between 75 and 100 will need 1 lb per 1,000 square feet.

    Ensure that you spread your potassium fertilizer evenly all over the lawn. Feed your lawn when the weather is excellent and the soil is dry.

    You can also use compost three times a year to increase potassium levels within your soil.

    Choosing The Best Potassium For Your Lawn

    When choosing the best potassium product for your soil you can use either a long-term or short-term solution. We recommend choosing soluble potassium to help stimulate photosynthesis in plants allowing your grass to remain healthy for long. The main advantage of soluble fertilizers is that they dissolve quickly in water, delivering them into the grass relatively quickly.

    Most people opt for fast-acting solutions like potassium sulfate or potassium chloride is there a cheaper option. These two minerals are commonly used for lawn winterizing. Either of these two are a good option but potassium sulphate is a better option as it doesn’t interfere with the good bacteria in the soil.

    Before applying any fertilizer, read the label carefully and gather all the information about it as much as possible.

    Here are some potential solutions that you can use

    • Use Dried Kelp Meal.  It has a lot of nutrients that are valuable to the soil and when used it restores potassium levels in your soil
    • Use Hardwood Ash.   This powder is full of potassium and you can apply straight to the soil or add it to your compost. It is especially significant if you want to increase the pH levels of your soil as well, but before you do so and sure that you monitor your grounds’ acidity.
    • Use Sulphate Of Potash Magnesia.  This is also known as Sul Po Mag. It is pretty affordable and increases the levels of both magnesium and potassium in the soil.
    Choosing The Best Potassium For Your Lawn

    You can also choose the slow-releasing potassium fertilizers as they will feed your grass slowly for a long time.

    FAQs

    How do I raise the potassium in my yard?

    Potassium is an important element that makes up a plant’s cells. A deficiency of potassium can lead to stunted growth, poor flowering and reduced yields. Potassium is also used by plants as an energy source. The most effective way to supply potassium is to use rock phosphate or bonemeal. These fertilizers contain a high concentration of potassium. Use them at recommended rates to avoid excess applications and damage to the soil. Organic Potassium can be added to the compost pile or applied directly to the garden as a foliar feed. If you are using manure, apply it as a top dressing after the first application of fertilizer, or use a high-potassium fertilizer such as blood meal. If you are not using manure, use a low-phosphorus fertilizer such as 10-10-10. When you apply potassium fertilizer, apply only enough to cover the top inch of soil.

    How do you fix potassium deficiency in soil?

    Potassium is the most abundant cation in the earth’s crust. It is present in all living organisms and many minerals and rocks. Potassium is a macronutrient needed for growth and development of plants. Plants also need phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur to make up the major part of their biomass. These elements are called micronutrients, which are needed in smaller amounts than macronutrients.

    When potassium is not available in sufficient quantities to meet the plant’s needs, the plant may experience leaf chlorosis and leaf spots. These symptoms usually occur if the potassium is present in the soil at more than 100 times the normal amount. The most common symptoms of potassium deficiency include poor fruit set, leaf spot, and reduced growth. There are several methods to correct potassium deficiency. If you want to increase potassium levels in your soil, you can add potassium-rich compost or manure to your soil. You can also buy potassium-rich compost from a local nursery. If you are using a potassium-rich compost, make sure that you also have a source of nitrogen and phosphorus in your soil. You can also apply a potassium fertilizer to your soil.

    What is a natural potassium fertilizer?

    The most populars is wooden ash.
    Potassium is a naturally occurring mineral that helps maintain the pH balance of the soil. Potassium helps plants absorb water, and it also promotes the growth of roots.

    The use of potassium in the form of a fertilizer is known as potassium (K) fertilization. Potassium can be applied to the soil in two ways: as a foliar spray, or as a root-applied fertilizer.

    A natural potassium fertilizer can be applied at any time of year, but it should not be applied in the fall or spring when the plants are dormant.

    Can you put too much potassium in your lawn?

    The answer to that question is a big “maybe.” But it’s not a good idea to add a lot of potassium to your lawn. It can do harm to your lawn, and the best way to deal with this problem is to keep an eye on your potassium levels in the soil and not apply too much at once. Potassium is one of the macronutrients that lawns need in order to grow properly.

    Final Thoughts

    Lack of potassium is a significant problem for any homeowner who wants to have a nice yard. Besides grass it also affects other plants in your garden; this is why you need to test your soil regularly to ensure it has enough potassium.

    Now that you know how to add potassium to the lawn you shouldn’t have any issue regulating potassium levels in your soil. It is easy to handle the potassium problem, whether in your yard or garden.  Always ensure you test your soil at least twice a year for an updated review.  Happy gardening!

  • A Guide On Planting Carrots In The Fall

    A Guide On Planting Carrots In The Fall

    Is planting carrots in the fall possible? Yes, it is, but it depends on where you grow your carrots or where you live.

    Gardeners in the south have the advantage of sowing carrots in the fall for winter harvest. Northern gardeners always start their carrots planting in midsummer to harvest them in the fall and early winter.

    The beauty of growing carrots is that many planting and harvesting windows keep these nutritious roots on our plates throughout the year.

    Orange carrots are the most common carrots, but you can try planting yellow, white, crimson, or even purple ones. Besides the carrot color, choosing the right size and shape that suits your soil is critical. Carrots’ size and shape vary by type – ball type Danvers and chantey carrots have a blocky shape that handles heavy or shallow soil. In comparison, slender types like imperator and Nantes carrots require deep loose soil.

    Let’s Look At Planting Carrots In The Fall

    With the calendar turning to September most gardeners, begin to think of wrapping up the gardening season. However, there is still time to plant several vegetables that can withstand the cold season for the southern gardeners.

    Northern gardeners are limited to planting radishes, spinach, lettuce, and arugula in September, while southern and Western gardeners have the luxury of growing a wider variety of vegetables.

    Carrots and peas are the two common crops that are planted in warmer areas for fall harvest.   Both crops mature in a few months after planting and tolerate a light frost thriving during the cold. Both crops can be harvested while still immature to yield some tasty vegetables in case the temperatures dip earlier than expected.

    Let's Look At Planting Carrots In The Fall

    If you live in a mild winter climate, you can also try overwintering some carrots or peas planted in the fall for harvest in the following spring.

    Carrot Varieties For Planting In The Fall

    Choose a variety that grows quickly to ensure they are mature before the days grow too short and the temperatures become too cold. Here are some excellent carrot varieties to try:

    • Merida – This type produces a 7-inch long Nantes-type carrot. It can be planted in the fall for spring harvest, as it is slow to get bitter in spring.
    • Primo – This is a Nantes type of carrot that matures within 60 days from seeding. It colors up early, providing a good harvest is baby carrots.
    • Red Cored Chantenay – This type matures in 68 days after seeding, producing 6-inch long blocky carrots. This type is adaptable to many soil types.
    • Little Finger – This type produces 3 to 4-inch long carrots that color up quickly and mature only after 65 days.

    When To Plant Fall Carrots

    The best time to plant carrots in the fall is September in raised beds if you live in the South and West areas. Prepare the bed by removing previous crops and weeds, loosening the soil, and adding at least half an inch thick layer of compost. Work the compost into the ground.

    Once the soil is ready, sprinkle the carrot seed on top of the smooth seedbed and cover it with a quarter-inch layer of soil. Because the weather is still warm in September, shade the planting bed using a shade cloth during the 90-degree days and keep the soil evenly moist. If the soil dries out or the weather becomes too hot, the seeds won’t germinate. Water them well and leave them to grow.

    Once the carrots have germinated and the tops have grown a few inches tall, the carrots are at least 2 inches apart.  3 weeks later, then again to 3 or 4 inches apart. Fertilize after the first thinning with a quick-acting fertilizer like the 5-10-10. Avoid using high-level nitrogen fertilizers or fresh manure.

    You can start harvesting your carrots as soon as they show color. To overwinter them, bulge with a 6 to 8-inch thick layer of hay or straw before the ground freezes. When ready to harvest, pull the straw back to clear the way for harvesting.

    When Should Southern Gardeners Sow Their Carrots?

    After the hot summer has passed and the fall begins, it is time for Southern gardeners to prepare their gardens and plant carrot seeds. Southern gardeners with a warm or mild winter can sow carrot seed in the early fall, that is, September. If they sow in September, they can harvest throughout the winter and into

    Carrots can reliably be sown outside in the fall without protection from the weather patterns. Gardeners across South Carolina, Florida, and Sacramento can grow fall carrots with ease.

    If you’re not sure about the region you are leaving and growing carrots in the fall, you can check your weather forecast for advice for gardening.

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    Carrot Planting Tips For Southern Gardeners

    It is possible to sow your carrot seed throughout the fall and winter if you live in the Deep South. You can aim to harvest carrots in the most excellent parts of the winter as they will have the sweetest flavor at this time.

    Gardeners in the upper South cancel carrots from late August into September. They are planting window is a bit shorter compared to the deep South. However, they have cooler winter temperatures that make their carrots super sweet.

    The best way to store mature carrots is to leave them in the ground and harvest them only when needed. This is great for cold and mild weather.   However, if your climate is seriously warming up and you’re expecting hotter days ahead, it is best to pull your mature carrots and store them in the root cellar or any other cool, dark and dry place in your house. Scorching weather makes your roots beta and causes the plants to bolt.

    Consider putting a shade cloth on the carrot bed until the plants become established; this will help to conserve moisture and cool the soil temperature until the winter weather sets in.

    Find more information about Carrots Planting Spacing – What You Should Know

    When Should Northern Gardeners Grow Their Carrots?

    Northern gardeners should plant carrot seeds in mid-to-late summer to get a fall or winter harvest.

    Over the past many years, the northern governors have perfected extending their current season resulting in a bountiful harvest in early winter.

    When Should Northern Gardeners Grow Their Carrots

    How Many Carrot Seeds Should You Plant?

    There are different methods of sowing carrot seeds that can be used. When planting carrot seeds in the soil in neat rows with carefully made holes, it is okay to put one seed per hole if you trust that your seeds are viable or are fairly new seeds. If your seeds are a bit old and/or you are unsure of their viability, you may put multiple seeds in a single hole to give yourself some guarantee. If multiple seedlings come up, you can always separate them so you have nothing to lose by doing this.

    Another way of sowing carrot seeds is to scatter them lightly across a wide surface area of soil. Just make sure that they have sufficient space to grow well, and if they grow in clumps thin them out and event space them otherwise they will not grow to maturity.

    Both these sowing methods have been used with success over the years. Choose the one that you think will be best for you, or try both methods in two different areas and see which one works better.

    How Deep Should The Soil Be to Grow Carrots?

    Generally, carrots require deep, loose soil to grow well. If the soil is a bit hard, the root will not grow well and may get stunted or twisted which is not ideal.

    The depth in that you should dig the soil for growing carrots depends on the variety of carrots that you are going to plant. Different carrot varieties have different maximum lengths that they will grow to. 

    Dig or till the soil deeply to give your carrots the best growth chance. For varieties that have long roots, you will have to dig the soil to depths of between 12 and 16 inches. Otherwise select varieties with shorter roots that will not need much depth.

    When to Plant Carrots in Zone 11?

    Zone 11 is one of the warmest hardiness zones, and gets no frost throughout the year. Carrot seeds should be planted in the soil at least two to three weeks before the last spring day. The earlier you can plant carrots seedlings in Zone 11 is January, but if you don’t want to take any chances it is best to wait until February.

    When Can I Plant Carrots in Zone 7?

    In the USDA zone 7, plants such as carrots which prefer cooler temperatures are best planted outdoors in early February. This will give them enough time for the last spring frost days to pass before they germinate, otherwise, they would get frost damage and eventually die.

    When Do You Plant Carrots in Pots?

    Because pots are easy to move around and position in any area where you want them, you can plant carrots in pots at any time of the year. This is if you can provide them with the right growing conditions such as the right temperature, sufficient light (whether natural or artificial), have a good irrigation schedule, and provide them enough nutrients for growth.

    Growing plants in pots work best if you have controlled indoor environments such as greenhouses.

    How Much Sun Does a Carrot Plant Need?

    Carrots prefer full sun but can also tolerate partial shade. For the best growth and production of your carrot plants, you need to make sure they get between 8-10 hours of direct sunlight per day.

    Conclusion

    As we have seen, planting carrots in the fall as possible will require some techniques for you to show at the right time and harvest an excellent crop.

    Find more information about A Guide On What Do Carrot Plants Look Like?

  • How Many Cucumber Seeds Per Hole Should You Plant?

    How Many Cucumber Seeds Per Hole Should You Plant?

    Growing cucumber is easy and fun, but how many cucumber seeds per hole should be planted to achieve the best crop?

    Cucumber seeds can be started indoors or sow them directly into your garden after the frost is over and the soil is warm enough.

    If you have never tried growing cucumbers from seed, you are in for a real treat!  We will share our knowledge of how to do it.

    Cucumbers are one of the easiest vegetables to grow from seed.  Once you learn how simple the germination process is, you will want to grow them more.

    How Many Cucumber Seeds Per Hole?

    Not all seeds are created equally; some will germinate well while others will not germinate at all.  The problem is, you cannot know their germination rate until you plant them. So to help you solve this mystery, how many seeds to plant per hole is vital to know?

    By planting 2 to 3 seeds per hole, you allow yourself the luxury of choosing the best seedlings that look the strongest. All you have to do is determine the one you like most and snip off the weaker seedlings.

    How Many Cucumber Seeds Per Hole

    Cucumber Seed Starting Methods

    There are two methods you can choose from when planting cucumber seeds.  They include direct sowing or starting them indoors.

    • Direct Sowing. This is sowing cucumber seeds directly in your garden, making it super easy. Planting directly in the garden makes it easy to grow your crop without distracting them with transplanting. Direct sowing should happen after the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed up.
    • Starting Seeds Indoors.  You can start your seeds indoors before the end of the cold season to have them ready when the soil is warm enough for planting. Most gardeners prefer this method if they have a short summer or their garden soil is not suitable for sowing seeds.

    How To Plant Cucumber Seeds Outdoors

    Starting cucumber seeds outdoors in a raised bed is a great gardening hack to protect the plants from cold soil.

      • Choose a raised bed but not too deep since their roots stay close to the surface.

      • Start these seeds outside roughly 2 weeks after the last frost, or longer if needful.

      • Choose a spot that receives lots of direct sunlight, at least 6 hours daily.

      • Create a mixture of fresh soil and fertilizer in a raised bed that is approximately 8 inches deep.

      • Ensure your soil is moist and compact.

      • Prepare rows that run north to south, where you will plant the cucumber seeds.

      • Plant 2-3 seeds in each hole, about 1 inch into the soil and 6-10 inches apart. Leave at least 1-2 feet between rows.

      • Cover the seeds with soil and water well.

      • Leave some mulch on top of the soil to help with moisture reservation and provide the soil with extra nutrients.

      • Check the seeds daily to see if the soil needs watering.  Ensure that your soil remains consistently moist but not soggy.

      • Allow your seedlings to grow to about 4 inches before thinning.  Keep your thinning to at least 0.5-1 foot apart.

      • Once mature, harvest your cucumbers on time before they start tasting bitter.  Be sure to find out the best picking length for the variety you are growing from the seed pack.

    How To Start Cucumber Seeds Indoors

    If the weather in your area is unpredictable, it is best to start your cucumber seeds indoors.  These seedlings are not resilient to transplanting, so the best thing is to sow them on the organic sowing trays.

      • Start cucumber seeds at around 4-6 weeks before the final frost date.

      • Fill the sowing trays with the starter mix.

      • Water the soil thoroughly until it is moist and compacted.

      • Make holes of at least 1 inch deep with your finger in each tray

      • Place at least 2-3 cucumber seeds in each hole.

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      • Cover the seeds with soil, water them again, and gently press the top layer of soil.

      • Keep the containers in a bright spot with direct sunlight.  If there is no sunlight, use a heat mat to maintain about 70 degrees F to maintain the soil temperature.

      • Check the soil daily and water it when necessary; keep it moist but not soggy.

      • The seeds will germinate in about a week. 2 to 4 weeks after germination; the seedlings can be transplanted outdoors or to a larger container.

      • If moved to a larger container, ensure it is big enough and has space to grow horizontally.

    How Long Does It Take To Grow Cucumbers From Seed?

    Cucumbers grow fast, around 50 to 70 days, so you will be able to harvest them soon enough.  If you don’t want to have too many overripe cucumbers, plan out your cucumber planting schedule.  Leave 2 weeks between each planting season to allow enough time to harvest the cucumbers at their ripe stage.

    Alternatively, you can plant cucumber seedlings that you can buy from gardening outlets. Transplant them in the best way you can think of to avoid the shock and death of some seedlings.

    How Long Does It Take To Grow Cucumbers From Seed

     

    FAQs

    How do you plant cucumber seeds?

    When you sow cucumber seeds in the spring, they germinate quickly and you can expect to see sprouts in about four days. The key to successful cucumber growing is to keep the soil moist and warm. You can plant two or more seeds per hole, but you should wait at least two weeks before you plant any other crops. The cucumbers will grow faster if they are planted in rows with a spacing of about 30 inches between plants. To avoid disease problems, the cucumbers need to be grown in a greenhouse or in a cool, well-ventilated area during the summer. Cucumber plants need plenty of water to grow and produce fruit. If you do not have access to a hose, you can use a watering can or bucket to provide water to your cucumber plants. In the fall, you can harvest cucumbers from the plants when they are ready to pick.

    How many seeds should I plant per hole?

    You would want to plant about 1 cucumber seed per 3-4 inches of space. You will want to use an indention tool to make sure your seeds are not touching each other. If they do, then you will want to thin them out with a knife. I agree with the other comments about using a trowel, not a pencil. It is not advisable to use a pencil to plant seeds. If you do this, it can cause the seed to become lodged in the ground and it may not germinate. It is best to use a trowel to put the seeds in the ground.

    How long does it take to grow cucumbers from a seed?

    It takes around two months.

    Cucumbers do not like hot weather, so they grow best in cooler climates. They prefer full sun, but will tolerate partial shade. Cucumbers can be planted any time after the soil is warmed up by spring frosts.
    It is best to start your cucumber seeds indoors. Most cucumber varieties are seedlings, so you need a small container for each seedling. Planting cucumbers directly into the garden is not recommended, since most cucumber varieties are grafted onto large plants. If you decide to grow cucumbers in the garden, wait until the soil has warmed up. Cucumbers can be planted in either rows or hills. The goal is to have a healthy root system. Do not overcrowd them. Make sure that the soil is moistened well before planting. You can water with a soaker hose, or put a sprinkler on it. In some cases, you may need to cover your cucumbers with a floating row cover.

    What month do you plant cucumber?

    The best months to plant cucumber seeds are April to June.
    When it’s ready to plant, you need to soak the seeds for 12 hours in a solution of 1/4 cup of white vinegar per quart of water. They should then be planted when the soil is warm, usually around 65-70 degrees F (18-21 C).

    Summary

    Many gardeners love to grow cucumbers from seeds because they are fast growers, and their germination rate is almost 97%.  Once you know how many seeds per hole, you can sow your seeds in the right way to get the right crop.

    Before sowing your seeds, ensure that the soil temperature never drops too low.  If you feel that the weather is still too cold or the soil has not warmed up enough, it’s best to start them indoors and transplant them as young seedlings. You can start them indoors sometime in April and transplant them outdoors at the start of May.

    Ready cucumbers should be harvested on time even when you don’t want them because the plant will stop producing if you don’t harvest them on time.

    When harvesting, cut your cucumbers from the vine but don’t pull them off, or you will damage your vines. Each vine can produce 20 to 50 fruits in a season.  It is possible to get some odd shapes, but they will still taste as good as the straight ones.

    That said, enjoy growing your cucumber and, more so, starting them from seed.

  • How To Add Calcium To Soil For Tomatoes

    How To Add Calcium To Soil For Tomatoes

    Every gardener needs to learn how to add calcium to soil for tomatoes to ensure they are healthy fruits free from disease that hinders growth.

    Have you noticed any small, water-filled patches at the bottom of the juicy red tomato that widened and turned into a dark patch?  On touching, did you notice how they give you a sunken and leathery feeling?  This tomato is suffering from blossom end rot – a common disease that prevents the proper growth of the plant.

    This disease occurs due to a lack of calcium; therefore, it is vital to know the importance of adding calcium to plants.

    Importance Of Calcium For Tomatoes

    A healthy plant blossoms in rich soil.  Tomatoes require an adequate supply of calcium, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium for them to thrive.  Adding calcium to the garden in its soluble form is easy and enters the roots of your plants, making it easy for their absorption.

    There are several reasons why you will need to add calcium to your garden before growing tomatoes.  They include:

    • Calcium is a macronutrient used quite as much as nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous.
    • It is the macronutrient of plants.
    • It’s crucial to give proper health to plants and be involved with so many functions in plants, from appropriate cell wall formation to fruit production.
    Importance of Calcium for Tomatoes

    Plants need calcium throughout their growth period since it’s used in so many processes in the plant. Therefore, the ideal time to add calcium to the soil is throughout the plant’s growth period.  Of course, you can’t keep on adding calcium to your garden soil; but the time you add depends on you.

    How To Add Calcium To Soil For Tomatoes

    Test Your Soil

    Before planting your tomatoes, it is advisable to conduct a soil test to know what nutrients are present and which ones are missing.  You can test the soil at home to determine the presence of macronutrients and soil acidity.  Calcium deficiency is revealed when soil is tested in a laboratory.  In extreme cases, you can get professional help to get advice on how to add calcium to your soil for tomatoes.

    Add Ground Limestone And Gypsum

    Lime and gypsum work well together and are good sources of calcium.  To increase calcium in your soil, add limestone by spreading it all over the soil.  Use a machine or hands to mix the soil and get it ready for planting.  Both lime and gypsum are coated with molasses, which is an excellent source of calcium.  The ground gypsum has inbuilt salt making it an excellent source of calcium.  Gypsum can have a lasting effect on the soil with nutrients like magnesium, copper, phosphorous, and zinc.  It should therefore be used in controlled amounts.

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    Use Fertilizers

    Soluble fertilizers can be a good source of calcium for tomatoes.  Other fertilizers like soft rock phosphate are naturally rich in calcium and intended for tomatoes used.  You can add these fertilizers when tilling it.  For tomatoes, be careful not to disturb their roots when giving the plants fertilizer.  Give them a one-time application of half a cup of 8-8-8 granular chemical fertilizer.   If using organic granular fertilizer, use only 1 cup of 5-5-5 per plant.  Mix this fertilizer with the top 8 inches of soil along with lime before planting your tomatoes.

    Add Eggshells

    Yes, you heard it right!  Eggshells are rich in calcium and can be added to the soil.  Grind them into a fine powder before integrating them into the soil.  Unlike limestone, it must break down into the soil before the plants use it. The breakdown process might take a few months.  This method remains one of the simplest and easiest methods to provide calcium to tomatoes.

    Use Calcium Spray

    You can spray the tomato leaves as a way to add calcium to these plants.  And the most significant thing of all is you can make this spray yourself.  Simply your choice of calcium solution to a gallon of water.  Shower or drizzle the solution once or twice a week when the flowers are set to bloom.  Ensure the spritz reaches the fruits too.

    Water Your Plants Thoroughly

    Water is the number 1 source of calcium.  An inch of water per week is required for the growth of juicy and calcium-rich tomatoes.  You can use rain or irrigation water to water your tomatoes. Note that these plants love to be deeply watered throughout, or else shallow watering will not improve the situation.  Ensuring you have provided your plants with adequate water is essential to provide calcium and feed the plants.

    When you use any of the methods above, your plants will not suffer blossom end rot.  Pot-grown tomatoes are more prone to catching this disease than garden ones.  So ensure you supply enough calcium to the potted plants too.

    What Happens When You Add Calcium To Soil For Tomatoes Early?

    It is the best time to add calcium to your soil as it will begin to work and stabilize the soil before planting your tomatoes.  If your soil has a Ph level of 6.5 to 7.2, it is acidic and needs to be supplemented with lime.  You can also add dolomite lime to improve the level of magnesium in the soil.  If you forget to add lime early in the fall season, don’t worry; you can still add it in the spring season at least 2 months before planting tomatoes.

    What Happens When You Add Them Late?

    If you notice you are late to add calcium to the soil, it’s best to add it late than not at all. However, don’t wait until it’s too late because it will not work.  Adding lime can be a great solution to eliminate the acidity of the soil. 3/4th cup of lime is enough for each plant.

    What Happens When You Add Them Late

    FAQs

    Why is calcium important to tomato plants?

    The calcium in your soil is essential for the growth of tomato plants. Calcium helps the plant to develop a strong and healthy root system and to produce flowers, fruits and seeds.

    Calcium is often called “the muscle food” because it helps to build strong cell walls. The calcium in the soil can be used by the plants to build strong roots and stems.

    You can get calcium from your soil and apply it to your tomato plants when you plant them. However, if you want to give your plants a boost of calcium, you can also feed them as they grow.

    How do I add calcium to my tomato plants?

    You can add calcium to the soil in the form of dolomite, limestone, oyster shell, or even rock dust. You can also add calcium to your tomatoes by using a foliar spray. Many home gardeners use a diluted solution of calcium chloride to feed their plants. If you do not have access to a spray bottle, you can purchase a fertilizer with calcium already mixed into it. Foliar feeding is done by spraying the leaves of the plant with a solution of calcium. If you want to know how much calcium you need to feed your tomatoes, you will have to experiment with different amounts.

    Can calcium be harmful?

    It takes time for your plants to get used to getting their calcium from the soil rather than from the leaves. So start by adding a small amount of calcium to your soil and see how your plants respond.

    If you add too much at once, it will burn your plants.

    How can I tell if my tomato plants need calcium?

    Tomato plants are actually a very good source of calcium. In fact, the calcium content is so high that if you add too much calcium to your soil, it will inhibit plant growth. This is especially true of older plants. Soil tests are good at determining the calcium content of soil, but they can’t tell you what the calcium content is in a specific plant. Soil tests can only tell you the calcium content of the soil as a whole.

    What is the fastest way to add calcium to soil?

    The most effective way to add calcium to soil is to use bone meal or manure. The best time to do this is in the fall when it is time to start a new crop, as it will improve the soil and provide nutrients for your crops. It is also better to apply bone meal than manure, because of the high amount of nitrogen in bone meal.

    Conclusion

    Now, you are well informed about how to add calcium to tomato plants; it’s high time you do so. To prevent the tomatoes from suffering from the blossom rot disease, ensure you add calcium to your soil at the right time.

    When your soil is well enriched with the right amounts of nutrients, you can now thrive in your tomato farming.